TRANSLATIONAL AND CLINICAL MEDICINE - Georgian Medical Journal

Background and purpose: Pregnancy loss (PL) is one of the significant issues of reproductology. It seems to be a purely immunological phenomenon, which concerns especially the first weeks of gestation. Embrioprotective factors are activated from the first day of pregnancy. One is progesterone-produced blocking factor (PIBF), which maintains the pregnancy.

Aim: To assess the diagnostic value of PIBF in early pregnancy and compare it to Progesterone (PG) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG), and also to find the correlation between PIBF and PG, PIBF and βhCG.

Methods: 31 women, aged 18-35 (28.77±6.41), with one or more PL in anamnesis, were divided into three groups: Group I – patients with term delivery (n=11); Group II- patients, with miscarriage after delaying of menstruation (n=10); Group III – patients with miscarriage before delaying of menstruation (n=10). PIBF and progesterone levels were measured on the 7-8^th day after ovulation. PG and βhCG were assessed on the 26th-27th of the menstrual cycle. All these factors were measured using the ELISA method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software package version 26.0 for Windows.

Results: The mean PIBF level was not significantly different between groups II and III (10.3 ± 4.7 ng/ml and 10.1 ± 5.5 ng/ml) p>0.05. A statistically significant difference was found in the mean PG level between group II and group III (p<0.001). βhCG was significantly high in groups I and II compared to group III (79.97 ± 19.79 vs 46.90 ± 8.70 ng/ml), p<0.05.

PIBF level turned out to be more informative than the PG level in women with pregnancy loss. While PG and βhCG are more informative diagnostic of progressive pregnancy.

Conclusions: PIBF may be considered a possible prognostic marker of PL and even of Early Pregnancy Loss (EPL).

Early pregnancy loss; Progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF); Miscarriage; Immunity of pregnancy; Progesterone (PG).

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