TRANSLATIONAL AND CLINICAL MEDICINE - Georgian Medical Journal

Background: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is increasingly seen as a behavioral addiction, partially due to the way its neurological features resemble those that are found in substance-use disorders. To improve our methods in the diagnostics and treatment of IGD, a better understanding of the effects and influences of excessive gaming on the brain is crucial.

Aim: This review aims to explore the neurophysiological characteristics of IGD by examining findings from electroencephalography (EEG) studies, focusing on resting-state activity and event-related potentials (ERPs) as potential biomarkers of the disorder.

Methods: A range of peer-reviewed EEG studies on individuals diagnosed with IGD were reviewed. The studies included assessments of resting-state brainwave activity and ERP components, particularly those associated with attention and cognitive control.

Results: The reviewed studies consistently report altered EEG patterns in individuals with IGD. At rest, there is a notable increase in theta activity and a decrease in beta activity, indicating possible deficits in arousal and cognitive engagement. In ERP studies, IGD participants frequently exhibit reduced P300 amplitudes during cognitive tasks, suggesting impairments in attentional processing and executive function.

Conclusions: EEG research reveals distinct neurophysiological patterns in individuals with IGD, reinforcing its classification as a behavioral addiction. The observed changes in brainwave activity and ERP responses may serve as reliable markers for the disorder. These findings highlight the potential of EEG-based measures to enhance diagnostic accuracy and support the development of targeted interventions, including neurofeedback and cognitive-behavioral therapies.

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